Vehicle applicability: This diagnostic supplement covers multiple Ford vehicles and engines. Follow the application named in the source below. Some references apply to vehicles other than Mustang.
Description and Operation 1-41
Engine Control Components
The universal HO2S also uses a self contained reference chamber to make sure an oxygen differential is always present. The oxygen for the reference chamber is supplied by pumping small amounts of oxygen ions from the measurement chamber into the reference chamber. The universal HO2S does not need access to outside air.
Part to part variance is compensated for by placing a resistor in the connector. This resistor trims the current measured by the current controller in the PCM.
The universal HO2S heater is embedded with the sensing element allowing the engine to enter closed loop operation sooner. The heating element heats the sensor to a temperature of 780°C to 830°C (1,436°F to 1,526°F). The VPWR circuit supplies voltage to the heater. The PCM controls the heater ON and OFF by providing the ground to maintain the sensor at the correct temperature for maximum accuracy.
Typical Universal HO2S
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
The VSS is a variable reluctance or Hall effect sensor that generates a waveform with a frequency that is proportional to the speed of the vehicle. If the vehicle is moving at a relatively low speed, the sensor produces a signal with a low frequency. As the vehicle velocity increases, the sensor generates a signal with a higher frequency. The PCM uses the frequency signal generated by the VSS (and other inputs) to control such parameters as fuel injection, ignition control, transmission shift scheduling, and TCC scheduling.
Typical VSS
Wastegate Vacuum Sensor
The wastegate vacuum sensor is an absolute pressure sensor that provides the PCM an analog voltage output that is proportional to the applied vacuum. The wastegate vacuum sensor is located near the turbocharger and the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid. The wastegate vacuum sensor measures the vacuum supplied by the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid to the wastegate actuator. The PCM uses the information from the wastegate vacuum sensor to determine the amount of vacuum being applied to the wastegate actuator.
2016 Powertrain Control/Emissions Diagnosis, Gasoline Engines, 3/2015
2016 Mustang workshop publication supplied to Mustang Atlas. Original technical text and illustrations; HTML formatting by Mustang Atlas. Source page numbering is retained for traceability. Follow the configuration, revision, warnings, and cross-references in the material. About this edition.